Which of the following is a mechanical method used to ripen the cervix prior to induction?

• A. Foley catheter
• B. Dinoprostone
• C. Misoprostol
• D. Cervical massage

Answer: (A)

Mechanical cervical ripening relies on physically dilating the cervix to soften and prepare it for labor. A Foley catheter achieves this by threading a small balloon through the cervix and inflating it with saline so the balloon sits at the internal os. As the balloon expands, it applies gradual, continuous pressure on the cervix, promoting dilation and the release of endogenous prostaglandins. This mechanical action helps ripen the cervix over hours and is associated with a lower risk of uterine tachysystole compared with pharmacologic agents. In contrast, dinoprostone and misoprostol are drugs that chemically soften and dilate the cervix by administered prostaglandins, not by physical dilation. Cervical massage is not a standard mechanical ripening method used before induction and lacks the same evidence-based support.